Kumo Insights

Research and benchmarks from our own market data.

Reports, benchmarks, and deal notes on how carbon finance actually works, drawn from Kumo's own dataset and the transactions we cover.

Deal note

The first-of-its-kind outcome bond for engineered carbon removal

Applied Carbon, working alongside Kumo, secures funding for its biochar project expansion through Citi's US$72m principal-protected Carbon Removal-Linked Note.

Read the deal note

Working alongside Kumo, Applied Carbon secures funding through Citi's US$72m outcome bond

Report

Capital providers grew from 27 to 106 in 18 months.

The State of Carbon Finance report tracks who is actually lending against carbon, how fast the lender base is widening, and where that capital is going.

State of Carbon Finance, 2026.

Benchmark

Biochar carbon removal costs about $192 per tonne, all in.

The Cost of Biochar Carbon Removal breaks down the real, delivered cost of biochar credits across regions, feedstocks, and delivery risk.

The Cost of Biochar Carbon Removal, 2026.

League tables

Kumo League Tables

Who is financing carbon, ranked by the capital each institution provided across debt, equity and grants. Free and open, with every transaction linked to its source.

See the league tables

573

Transactions ranked

US$8.25bn

Capital tracked

778

Capital providers

Data as at 31 Oct 2026

Live from the Terminal

Biochar benchmark, five-yearas of July 2026

See the full data in the Terminal

Biochar all-in cost: $192 /tCO₂e. See the full data in the Terminal.Biochar breakeven: $112 /tCO₂e. See the full data in the Terminal.Cheapest region, Sub-Saharan Africa: $168 /tCO₂e. See the full data in the Terminal.