Kumo League Tables Beta
Who is financing carbon removal and how is it being executed.
League tables showing who provides and arranges the capital flows to carbon projects and project developers, as well as details of each deal.
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542
Transactions ranked
405
Disclosing a value
US$8.12bn
Capital tracked
746
Capital providers
| # | Fund / vehicle▲ | Manager▲ | Vintage▲ | Raised▼ | Target▲ | Strategy▲ | Status▲ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tropical Forest Forever Facility (TFFF) | Government of Brazil / World Bank (trustee)Sovereign | 2025 | US$5.50bn | US$125.00bn | Blended concessional | Announced |
| 2 | GenZero | GenZero (Temasek)Sovereign | 2022 | US$3.60bn | Undisclosed | Project equity | Announced |
| 3 | Swedish BECCS reverse auction programme | Swedish Energy AgencySovereign | 2024 | US$1.80bn | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 4 | LEAF Coalition | Emergent (coordinator)Coalition-AMC | 2021 | US$1.50bn | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 5 | Forest & Climate Solutions Fund II | Campbell Global (J.P. Morgan Asset Management)Asset manager | 2023 | US$1.50bn | Undisclosed | Project equity | Final close |
| 6 | The Reforestation Fund (Latin American Reforestation strategy) | BTG Pactual Timberland Investment GroupBank | 2021 | US$1.24bn | US$1.00bn | Project equity | Final close |
| 7 | Frontier (advance market commitment) | Frontier Climate (Stripe-administered)Coalition-AMC | 2022 | US$1.00bn | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 8 | FCPF Carbon Fund | World BankDFI-MDB | 2011 | US$947m | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Fully deployed |
| 9 | Frontier Growth AMC | Frontier Climate (Stripe-administered)Coalition-AMC | 2026 | US$915m | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 10 | Silvania | MercuriaCorporate | 2023 | US$500m | Undisclosed | Project equity | Announced |
| 11 | Forest Climate Fund | Manulife Investment ManagementAsset manager | 2022 | US$480m | Undisclosed | Project equity | Final close |
| 12 | Nature Based Carbon Fund | Climate Asset Management (HSBC AM / Pollination JV)Asset manager | 2022 | US$445m | Undisclosed | Project equity | Final close |
| 13 | Natural Climate Solutions strategy | Just Climate (Generation Investment Management)Asset manager | 2024 | US$375m | Undisclosed | Venture-growth equity | Interim close |
| 14 | Carbon Removal Fund | Lowercarbon CapitalVC | 2022 | US$350m | Undisclosed | Venture-growth equity | Final close |
| 15 | Rubicon Carbon | Rubicon Carbon Services (TPG Rise Climate-backed)Asset manager | 2022 | US$300m | US$1.00bn | Offtake-purchase | First close |
| 16 | Transformative Carbon Asset Facility (TCAF) | World BankDFI-MDB | 2016 | US$210m | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 17 | Restore Fund (Phase 1) | Apple / Conservation International / Goldman SachsCorporate | 2021 | US$200m | Undisclosed | Project equity | Fully deployed |
| 18 | Restore Fund (Phase 2) | Climate Asset ManagementAsset manager | 2023 | US$200m | Undisclosed | Project equity | Interim close |
| 19 | Land Degradation Neutrality Fund | MirovaAsset manager | 2018 | US$200m | Undisclosed | Blended concessional | Final close |
| 20 | African Forestry Impact Platform (AFIP) | New ForestsAsset manager | 2022 | US$200m | Undisclosed | Project equity | First close |
| 21 | Carbon Transaction Facility (CTF) | Global Green Growth InstituteDFI-MDB | 2024 | US$149m | US$500m | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 22 | Livelihoods Carbon Fund 4 (LCF4) | Livelihoods Funds (Livelihoods Venture)Asset manager | 2026 | US$142m | US$171m | Offtake-purchase | First close |
| 23 | Sustainable Ocean Fund (Althelia) | MirovaAsset manager | 2018 | US$132m | Undisclosed | Project equity | Final close |
| 24 | Tropical Asia Forest Fund 2 (TAFF2) | New ForestsAsset manager | 2022 | US$130m | Undisclosed | Project equity | Final close |
| 25 | The Amazon Reforestation Fund | MombakAsset manager | 2022 | US$120m | Undisclosed | Project equity | Final close |
| 26 | Big Nature Impact Fund (UK Nature Impact Fund) | Finance EarthAsset manager | 2023 | US$86.0m | Undisclosed | Project equity | First close |
| 27 | Carbon Initiative for Development (Ci-Dev) Carbon Fund | World BankDFI-MDB | 2015 | US$76.0m | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Fully deployed |
| 28 | Silva Carbon Origination Fund | Silva Capital (Roc Partners / C6 Investment Management JV)Asset manager | 2024 | US$53.0m | Undisclosed | Project equity | First close |
| 29 | Carbon Growth Fund II | Carbon Growth PartnersAsset manager | 2022 | US$32.0m | US$200m | Offtake-purchase | First close |
| 30 | Key Carbon (Carbon Neutral Royalty) - Beedie Capital facility | Key CarbonCorporate | 2023 | US$18.3m | Undisclosed | Carbon credit prepayments to developers for a share of future credits | Announced |
| 31 | Counteract Fund I | CounteractVC | 2022 | US$18.0m | US$42.0m | Venture-growth equity | First close |
| 32 | Carbon Opportunities Fund | Aspiration / Cultivo (with IFC)Asset manager | 2022 | US$10.0m | Undisclosed | Offtake-purchase | Announced |
| 33 | Symbiosis Coalition | Symbiosis CoalitionCoalition-AMC | 2024 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 34 | NextGen CDR Facility | NextGen (South Pole / Mitsubishi Corporation JV)Corporate | 2022 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Offtake-purchase | Announced |
| 35 | Milkywire Climate Transformation Fund | MilkywireNGO | 2021 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 36 | Terraset Revolving Fund | TerrasetNGO | 2025 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Offtake-purchase | Announced |
| 37 | AirMiners Kiloton Fund | AirMinersNGO | 2024 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 38 | Natural Capital Fund | Climate Asset Management (HSBC AM / Pollination JV)Asset manager | 2022 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Project equity | Final close |
| 39 | Livelihoods Carbon Fund 3 (LCF3) | Livelihoods Funds (Livelihoods Venture)Asset manager | 2021 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Offtake-purchase | First close |
| 40 | Mirova Sustainable Land Fund 2 (MSLF2) | MirovaAsset manager | 2024 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Blended concessional | First close |
| 41 | Global Landscape Opportunities (GLO) strategy | New ForestsAsset manager | 2026 | Undisclosed | US$707m | Project equity | Target only |
| 42 | Averrhoa Nature-Based Solutions | Ardian (with aDryada)Asset manager | 2025 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Project equity | First close |
| 43 | Terra Bella Nature-Based Solutions Carbon Pool | Terra Global CapitalAsset manager | 2023 | Undisclosed | US$640m | Offtake-purchase | Announced |
| 44 | Race to Belem Amazon initiative | Silvania / Conservation International / The Nature ConservancyCorporate | 2025 | Undisclosed | US$1.50bn | Offtake-purchase | Announced |
| 45 | Wildlife Works / Hartree Partners REDD+ programme | Hartree PartnersCorporate | 2021 | Undisclosed | US$2.00bn | Project equity | Announced |
| 46 | Systemic Ventures I SCSp | Carbon Removal PartnersVC | 2022 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Venture-growth equity | Announced |
| 47 | BioCarbon Fund Initiative for Sustainable Forest Landscapes (ISFL) | World BankDFI-MDB | 2013 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 48 | SCALE (Scaling Climate Action by Lowering Emissions) | World BankDFI-MDB | 2022 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 49 | Climate Action Catalyst Fund (CACF) | Asian Development BankDFI-MDB | 2024 | Undisclosed | US$100m | AMC-procurement | Target only |
| 50 | Norwegian Article 6 carbon credit buying initiative | Government of NorwaySovereign | 2024 | Undisclosed | US$740m | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 51 | KliK Foundation international programme | Foundation for Climate Protection and Carbon Offset KliKCoalition-AMC | 2013 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 52 | Singapore nature-based carbon credit procurement (Article 6) | Government of Singapore (MSE / MTI / NCCS)Sovereign | 2025 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 53 | NECCS Fund (negative emissions via CCS) | Danish Energy AgencySovereign | 2023 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | AMC-procurement | Announced |
| 54 | GCF REDD+ Results-Based Payments pilot programme | Green Climate FundDFI-MDB | 2017 | Undisclosed | US$500m | AMC-procurement | Fully deployed |
| 55 | Mobilising Finance for Forests (MFF) | FMODFI-MDB | 2021 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Blended concessional | Announced |
| 56 | Rubicon Carbon | Rubicon Carbon Services (TPG Rise Climate-backed)Corporate platform | 2022 | Undisclosed | US$1.00bn | Carbon platform equity | Roll-up / duplicate |
| 57 | The Amazon Reforestation Fund II | MombakAsset manager | 2026 | Undisclosed | US$150m | Project equity | First close |
| 58 | AgriZeroNZ | AgriZeroNZPublic-private JV | 2023 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Livestock methane reduction technology | Additional close |
| 59 | Kempen SDG Farmland Fund | Van Lanschot Kempen Investment ManagementAsset manager | 2021 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Regenerative farmland | Open |
Pools of capital, not transactions. A fund here and the deals it later does are separate records, and are never added together.
Data as at 16 October 2026 · 241 added in the last 30 days · How these tables are built